Monday, September 21, 2009
He thinks, therefore he doubts
The first thing I noticed upon reading Descartes' meditations was the parallel between his logical philosophy and the inquisitive nature of the Scientific Revolution. Years of history classes have taught me that the Scientific Revolution was a time of extensive expansion in physics, biology, chemistry, and the like, as well as a reliance on observable that could be put through what would later be deemed the Scientific Method. It was no longer acceptable to believe in doctrines that failed to provide proof for their claims. It's interesting that this skeptical and curious mindset was so strong that it seeped into the era's philosophical output. Descartes takes this critical examination to an extreme, suggesting that there may be "...absolutely nothing certain". He claims that our senses can often mislead us, and there is certainly truth to that. Optical illusions, for example, exist in abundance, all of which manipulate the faults within our visual system. If our hearing becomes impaired, sound localization and distance perception become more difficult to ascertain accurately. Often, the case is not faulty senses per se, but unique senses. Color is a good example of this. Since everyone's eyes are different, we don't really see colors in exactly the same way. A shade of green could be lighter or darker than how another person perceives it. The difference is not very large, but it exists nonetheless. The objects around us may in fact exist, but they exist differently due to differing perceptions. Several factors influence our perception other than our senses, including where we see the object, how long we see the object, and our prior knowledge of the object. Accordingly, no single, universal definition can be given to anything because we all see the world through a different lens.
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Well -- again, even Descartes seems to stop short of what you're claiming here, Eric, that 'no single, universal definition can be given to anything' (though I'm unsure in what sense you mean 'definition' here). Remember that according to Descartes, 2+2=4, no matter who you are, where you are, when you lived, where you are in the universe... or even *whether humans ever existed at all*. It is an absolute, abstract truth, not subject to any one person's interpretations: I can say '2+2=5' all I want, but that will not make it true.
ReplyDeleteAs for your observations about the history -- yes, it was a fascinating time! You had huge debates about the sort of thing you mention, and Descartes played his own role in them.
I like what you've said about the historic concept and the notion of different lenses. It makes a lot of sense to me that Descartes meditations would fit with the Scientific Revolution, given his precise logic and attempt to find foundations for beliefs. I know that I have had conversations with people in the past about color and if we all see things the same way, how they could possibly be different, and what it would mean if there was a difference.
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